NCLEX-CGFNS: Growth and Development

INFANT (0-1 YEAR)

• Immunization schedule: Hepatitis B is given at birth, at two months, and at six months. OPV at 2, 4, 15 months, DPT at 2, 4, 6 months. Iron supplement starts at 4-6 months
• No choking hazards.
• Fear of stranger at 8 months.
• Allow to use pacifier if in NPO.
• Note the weight: doubles at 6 months, triples at 1 year, and quadruples at 2.5 years.
• Trust vs. mistrust.
• Solitary play.

TODDLER (1-3 YEARS)

• Talk to child in simple terms
• Offer choices to provide some control.
• Do not leave alone near the swimming pool or bathtub.
• Doubt and shame vs. autonomy
• Learns about death beginning at 3 years
• Elimination pattern: toilet training begins at 18 months.
• Rituals and routine.

PRE-SCHOOLER (3-6 YEARS)

• Play is associative – cooperative
• Regression is common.
• Explain every procedure.
• Same age group for room assignment
• Curious
• Highly imaginative – Imaginary playmate
• Observe for initiative vs. guilt
• Off limits to the kitchen because of risk for poisoning and burns.
• Loss of body part (mutilation) is a common fear.

SCHOOLER (6-12 YEARS)

• Same sex stage.
• Competitive play
• Hero-worship, realistic and universal concept of death: age 9-10 age.
• Observe for industry vs. inferiority.
• Off limits to vehicles because of risk for accidents.
• Loss of control is a common fear.
• Explain procedures.
• Regression is common.