NCLEX-CGFNS: Alfa-Fetoprotein Level & Amniocentesis

ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN LEVEL

• Alfa-fetoprotein level assesses the presence of neural tube defects and down's syndrome.
• Neural tube defects: elevated alpha-fetoprotein level.
• Down's syndrome: decreased alpha-fetoprotein level.

AMNIOCENTESIS

• Amniocentesis assesses fetal growth and maturity, determines genetic disorders and sex of the fetus.
• In 14-16 weeks of gestation: it is done to assess chromosomal aberration or other disorder.
• After 35 weeks of gestation: it is done to assess fetal lung maturity.
• Patient should be instructed to void before procedure if gestation is greater than 20 weeks.
• Position patient on supine
• L/S ratio 2:1 indicates fetal lung maturity.
• Complication of procedure: placental, cord, and bladder rupture.
• Encourage patient to report: fetal hyperactivity or hypoactivity, vaginal bleeding, chills, fever, fluid leakage, and vaginal discharge.